Norovirus outbreak US transmission symptoms

Norovirus, known as the 'stomach virus,' is spreading in the US Northeast, causing vomiting, diarrhea, and foodborne illness. CDC advises prevention.

A stomach virus, also known as the 'norovirus,' is currently spreading throughout the northeastern region of the United States, according to data released by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the nation's public health agency.

The data, cited by news portal The Hill, shows that the three-week average of positive tests for norovirus in the region has reached 13.9% in recent weeks and has remained above a 10% positive rate since mid-December 2023.

The CDC has identified norovirus as the primary cause of vomiting, diarrhea, and foodborne illness in the US. The illness can affect individuals of all age groups and spreads "very easily and quickly".

To prevent the transmission of norovirus, the agency recommends thorough handwashing with soap and water, sanitizing surfaces with bleach, and using hot water to launder clothes.

According to the CDC's advisory, individuals may contract norovirus multiple times throughout their lives due to the existence of various virus strains. "One type of norovirus may not protect you against other types," the advisory said.

Based on CDC data, norovirus causes around 19 to 21 million illnesses annually in the US, with the highest occurrence typically observed from November to April. Each year, there are around 109,000 hospitalizations and 900 deaths attributed to norovirus, primarily affecting older adults.

Norovirus is a highly contagious virus that induces symptoms such as vomiting and diarrhea. Anyone can contract norovirus and fall ill. While sometimes referred to as "stomach flu" or "stomach bug," norovirus illness is distinct from influenza, caused by the influenza virus.

It is a prevalent virus unrelated to the flu and stands as the primary culprit behind vomiting, diarrhea, and foodborne illnesses.

Norovirus triggers inflammation in the stomach or intestines, a condition known as acute gastroenteritis. Symptoms of norovirus typically manifest 12 to 48 hours after exposure, as per CDC guidelines. While most individuals recover from norovirus illness within one to three days, they remain contagious for a few days afterward.

Norovirus infection can induce severe symptoms, including frequent vomiting or diarrhea, which can result in dehydration, particularly among young children, older adults, and individuals with underlying health conditions. Dehydrated children may exhibit signs such as reduced tear production, unusual sleepiness, or irritability.

Transmission of norovirus can occur through accidental ingestion of tiny particles of feces (stool) or vomit from an infected individual, direct contact with an infected individual, consumption of contaminated food or beverages, and contact with contaminated surfaces or objects followed by putting unwashed hands in one's mouth.